martes, 28 de abril de 2020


The Washington Post
Today's WorldView


Ishaan Tharoor

By Ishaan Tharoor
with Ruby Mellen
 Email

The world doesn’t want to pick between the U.S. and China

The coronavirus pandemic has spiked tensions between China and the United States. In Washington, hard-line lawmakers in Congress are pushing punitive legislation against Beijing, while using their grievances over China’s handling of the outbreak to justify a more sweeping transformation of the relationship between the world’s two biggest economies.
Over the weekend, Sen. Tom Cotton (R-Ark.), one of the most strident anti-Chinese voices on the Hill, argued that the thousands of Chinese students given visas to attend U.S. universities should be restricted from enrolling in science and technology programs. Instead, they should be allowed “to come here and study Shakespeare and the Federalist Papers, that’s what they need to learn from America,” Cotton said. “They don’t need to learn quantum computing and artificial intelligence from America.”
Chinese officials, meanwhile, keep stoking coronavirus counter-narratives. On Monday, the Twitter account of the Foreign Ministry spokesperson reiterated claims that the Trump administration is participating in a coverup and obscuring information about how the virus spread.

Also in a tweet, Hu Xijin, the editor in chief of the Global Times, an English-language state-run tabloid, argued that China is reckoning more responsibly with the virus than the United States, whose “ambitious politicians” are willing to risk the lives of the public by opening up the economy sooner than public health experts think wise.
Observers elsewhere are not impressed. China pursued “very authoritarian measures, while in the U.S., the virus was played down for a long time,” German Foreign Minister Heiko Maas said in an interview earlier this month with Der Spiegel. “These are two extremes, neither of which can be a model for Europe.”
Some European critics have bemoaned President Trump’s divisive management of the crisis and abandonment of global leadership amid the pandemic. Nathalie Tocci, who advises E.U. foreign policy chief Josep Borrell, has likened this moment to the 1956 Suez crisis — an international standoff in Egypt that is remembered as an inflection point in Britain’s decline as a global power. The 2020 pandemic may one day represent the same for the United States.
China, though, is hardly filling the void and may not want to — an argument often ignored in Washington, where an emerging bipartisan consensus casts Beijing as America’s inexorable 21st-century great power competitor. “China has no desire to run the world in the way the Americans or the West have done,” former Singaporean diplomat Kishore Mahbubani told the Asian Nikkei Review. “The Chinese are happy to play their part, but most of all want to take care of China.”
That may be for the best given how Beijing’s recent soft power outreach, particularly with medical aid, has run into controversies over the quality of supplies distributed. And its attempts this month to diplomatically strong-arm the European Union into suppressing an internal report that documented Beijing’s disinformation campaigns in Europe have hardly won it any more sympathy.
No matter the talk of a new “Cold War,” the pandemic is a reminder that, for much of the world, neither American supremacy nor a newfangled Pax Sinica hold much appeal.
True, for nationalists and populists elsewhere, China’s fiscal clout and growing political muscle does provide a counterbalance to the liberal system once championed by Washington. “Leaders, and populists especially, now increasingly see partnership with the United States — once viewed as an indispensable pillar of foreign policy — and its Western allies as overly constraining,” wrote scholars Alexander Cooley and Daniel Nexon in Foreign Policy. “For example, [the Philippines’ Rodrigo] Duterte, [Turkey’s Recep Tayyip] Erdogan, and [Hungary’s Viktor] Orban all came to power in states that were fully integrated members of the U.S.-led security order. All three now point to potential security relations with Russia and China as providing the possibility of greater balance with, if not outright exit from, that order.”
But even skeptics of the Pax Americana aren’t eager to see it supplanted by the Chinese. “Like Beijing, the U.S. leveraged its pole position in the global economy, its military and industrial strengths, and its technological supremacy to build a world order that responded to its interests,” Indian parliamentarian Jayant Sinha and Delhi-based scholar Samir Saran wrote in a piece that forecast a less free and open post-pandemic world. “There is, however, no equivalence between the two. U.S. society was largely open — individuals, communities and nations from around the world could engage, convince or petition its institutions; write in its media; and, often, participate in its politics. Its hegemony was constrained by a democratic society and conditioned by its electoral cycles.”
There is consensus among many foreign policy experts that cooperation between the two countries is vital for the world’s collective ability to deal with the coronavirus and prepare for future pandemics. But China and the United States, on their present course, are leading the world into a pandemic-fueled nationalist spiral.
“U.S.-China cooperation has been almost entirely absent during the early stages of this crisis, which now seems as likely to deepen the two nation’s divisions as it is to bring them together,” wrote James Crabtree in the Asian Nikkei Review. “The aftermath of the global financial crisis suggests countries facing recessions and anxious domestic populations also all too often resort to protectionism, worsening both their own economic circumstances and those of their neighbors.”

Talking Points

• On Monday night, Brazil’s Supreme Court announced it would allow an investigation into allegations President Jair Bolsonaro tried to interfere with the country's justice system. The news comes after Justice Minister Sérgio Moro resigned Friday, saying Bolsonaro “had told him on multiple occasions that he wanted to replace the head of the federal police with someone who could facilitate access to investigations and intelligence reports,” the Associated Press writes.
• The Post’s Emily Rauhala notes that Trump’s “ largely unpopular decision this month to suspend funding to the [World Health Organization] for 60 days in the middle of a pandemic could have impacts that reverberate beyond the current crisis: Enhancing China’s standing in the world while reinforcing perceptions of the United States as an unpredictable partner.”
• Yemen’s most influential southern separatist group declared independence over the weekend, triggering concerns the country's years-long deadly conflict could escalate just as the United Nations is seeking a nationwide cease-fire to prevent the spread of the novel coronavirus. My colleague Sudarsan Raghavan has more.
• And British Prime Minister Boris Johnson, perhaps the world’s most famous coronavirus patient, went back to work on Monday — after spending the worst of Britain's epidemic sidelined, first in self-isolation, then struggling to breathe in the hospital, and later in recovery in the countryside. His illness rattled the country, and even those who disliked him cheered for his return. But he may not get much of a grace period.

Top of The Post

Viewpoints

Sickness amid the cedars

The largest cluster of coronavirus cases in Lebanon has surprisingly taken hold in the insular Christian hamlet of Bsharri in the mountains above Beirut. Bsharri is known for its devout Maronite Christian inhabitants and as a bastion of right-wing Christian militiamen during the country’s long civil war. Bsharri is also famous for being beautiful. It is widely celebrated for its cedar trees, some of the oldest in the world — called the “Cedars of God” — and the national emblem of Lebanon. Below the town’s newly inaugurated government hospital perched atop a hill extends a lush valley. Streams, waterfalls and water springs abound, filling the silence with a permanent gurgling. Mountains, both green and snow-capped, encircle the town, giving an impression of nature-mandated isolation.
Today, however, the isolation is government imposed. Bsharri is the only town in Lebanon to have been placed under complete quarantine, after 24 cases of the coronavirus were recorded in a 24-hour period early this month. About 70 of the town’s 5,500 residents have now contracted the virus, around 10 percent of all the cases in the country. The government has closed off the surrounding Bsharri district, which includes 22 towns and villages, allowing only supplies and police and other official personnel in and out. The emptied streets in the picturesque town look like an abandoned Hollywood set.
Residents are not permitted out of their homes except individually to go shopping. A rotation has been set for restaurants so one is open each day to feed hospital staff and policemen. Policemen are stationed outside markets to limit crowding. “You either wear the mask or quit,” one growled at a grocer. — Sarah Dadouch
Read on: The Lebanese were watching for the virus. But the outbreak in this secluded and stunningly beautiful place was not what they’d expected.

1,000 Words

El Salvador’s government launched a crackdown on jailed gang members after 60 people were killed over the weekend, ending months of remarkable calm in the Central American country. Photos released by the office of President Nayib Bukele showed hundreds of inmates stripped to their shorts and jammed together on prison floors as their cells were searched. Some wore face masks, but most had little protection against the possible spread of the coronavirus. (El Salvador President Press Office via AP)

Afterword


Publicado por en